table = Import["/home/kacper/Downloads/children_per_woman_total_fertility.csv"];

Cases[{{1 , 2 , 3} , {1 , 5 , 6}} , {1 , __}]

Cases[table , {"Poland" , __}][[1,2;;]]//ListPlot

fun[{1 , xs__}]:=xs;

fun[{1 , 3 , 4}]

{Sequence[3,4] , Sequence[5,6]}

Cases[{{1 , 2 , 3} ,{1 ,4 ,5}} , {1 , xs__}:>{xs}]

Cases[table , {"Poland" , d__}:> {d}][[1]]//ListPlot

Position[table , 2022]

Cases[table[[2;;]] , {c_ , xs__}/;{xs}[[224]]>5:> c]

Count[table[[2;;]] , {c_ , xs__}/;{xs}[[224]]>5]

{{1 , 2 , 3},{1 , 4 , 5}}//TableForm

{{1 , 2 , 3},{1 , 4 , 5}}//Transpose

{{1 , 2 , 3},{1 , 4 , 5}}//Transpose//TableForm

Riffle[{1 , 3 , 5} , {2 , 4 , 6}]

Partition[Riffle[{1 , 3 , 5} , {2 , 4 , 6}] , {2}]